Chapter 7 Civil & Administrative Law

Civil law, I never really understood why there was such a thing called criminal law and cilvil law. Why didn't they just combine the two into one law? Now I know why they didnt.....civil law is a private law that governs things between a nongovernmental thing like a corporation and private individuals. Criminal law is a public law. So the main difference is that civil disputes are private and criminal disputes are public.
Before I signed up for criminal justice, I didn't know what a tort law was. Let alone that within civil law, there are five major concepts. Tort law, property law, contract law, family law, and juvenile law. Property focuses on the ownership of something of value, contracts focus on agreements between people and organizations, family law focuses on the set of laws in a marriage, child custody, and other personal relationships, juvenile law applies to laws regulating behavior of minors, and tort law are cases involving personal injury to a person or property.
I learned that in civil law, the legal victim is the individual themselves, plaintiffs are the ones who initiate action, preponderance of evidence is the standard of proof, amendments don't apply to the defendant in private civil cases, they are owned by the state, the plaintiff is the burden of proof, both the plaintiff and the defendant have the right to appeal on an adverse decision, and the issue of did the defendant really cause harm to the plaintiff.